High pressure microfluidic homogenizer - a new generation of high pressure homogenization technology to reduce the molecular weight of polysaccharides

Polysaccharides are polysaccharide macromolecular carbohydrates composed of at least 10 monosaccharides with sugar chains bound by glycosidic bonds. Polysaccharides composed of the same monosaccharide are called homopolysaccharides, such as starch, cellulose and glycogen; polysaccharides composed of different monosaccharides are called heteropolysaccharides, such as gum arabic, which is composed of pentose and galactose. Polysaccharide is not a pure chemical substance, but a mixture of substances with different degrees of polymerization. Polysaccharides are generally insoluble in water, have no sweet taste, cannot form crystals, and have no reducibility and mutarotation. Polysaccharides are also glycosides, so they can be hydrolyzed. During the hydrolysis process, a series of intermediate products are often produced, and finally monosaccharides are completely hydrolyzed. One of the most beneficial aspects of polysaccharides for pharmaceutical use is that they are biocompatible and biodegradable, and can be broken down naturally by the body, while also possessing many properties that make their hydrophilic structure more likely to target tumors , and its hydrophobic group provides a good carrier for insoluble drugs. Polysaccharides can also be used to form conjugate vaccines. However, the starting molecular weight of most polysaccharides is too large to take advantage of these great drug carrier properties.

Polysaccharides are increasingly used in drug development, with applications in the pharmaceutical industry including as plasma expanders, carriers for hydrophobic drugs, pharmaceutical formulations, immunostimulants, and vaccine antigens. High-pressure microfluidic homogenizers can utilize high shear forces to obtain low-molecular-weight polysaccharides that exhibit positive zeta potential and higher solubility at neutral pH, allowing easier purification of polysaccharides, lowering viscosity, and providing more Multiple terminal reaction sites, etc. Due to their biocompatible and biodegradable properties, the body naturally breaks down polysaccharides into their constituent parts. In addition to their structure, the molecular weight of the polymers also affects the properties of the polysaccharides. Physical denaturation using a high-pressure microfluidizer is preferable to using chemical methods to reduce molecular weight. Chemical processing can change the chemical structure of polysaccharides, but often results in highly polydisperse polymers. The high-pressure microfluidic homogenizer reduces molecular weight without changing the chemical structure of the polysaccharide or its attached groups, because the Genizer's diamond interaction chamber concentrates all materials under the same high shear conditions as diamond with a fixed geometry, The final product is very homogeneous with low polydispersity.

U.S. Nanogenizer experimental high-pressure micro-fluid homogenizer is a new generation of high-pressure homogenizer using counter-jet diamond interactive cavity, also known as nano-homogenizer, which can homogenize nano-emulsion, fat emulsion, liposome, Nanoparticles, cell disruption, nanosuspension and dispersion, cosmetic lipid-wrapped raw materials, chemical mechanical polishing fluid, conductive polymers, dispersion of carbon materials, dispersion of various nano-oxides, and homogenization of nutritional food functional foods, etc., are widely used in pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology, cosmetics, fine chemicals, new energy materials and food and beverage industries. When a process needs to be scaled up, additional microchannels are simply placed in the diamond interaction chamber—this increases the flow rate while maintaining the same high-shear processing results obtained in the smaller volumes in the lab. Various studies have confirmed the superiority of high pressure microfluidic technology in reducing molecular weight. The study ultimately found that high-pressure microfluidics could effectively achieve the target weight of polysaccharides used as vaccine antigens, in some cases requiring only one homogenization. When used in conjugate vaccine development, high-pressure microfluidic homogenizers reduce molecular weight and viscosity, creating a product that is easier to manage and filter.